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Traditional
medicine (home remedies) and Aromatherapy: Medicinal plants are threatened by environmental
degradation.
Malagasy
medicinal plants are threatened by human activities. In
Madagascar, where the majority of medicinal plants are endemic, a conservation
strategy is required.
Over
80% of the Malagasy people use regularly or not traditional medicine. The
richness of local biodiversity, containing unique species of medicinal plants
in the world, provides access to the benefits of the therapeutic value of
medicinal plants. But
they are increasingly threatened by human activities. This
threat is widespread, in fact, in all African countries where traditional
medicine has an important place in the lives of people, particularly in rural
areas. WHO
estimates, in fact, that nearly 80% of people in developing countries depend on
traditional medicine for their needs in primary health care. A
conservation strategy is indispensable today, given the magnitude of the danger
threatening the species of medicinal plants.
The
conservation of medicinal plants is located precisely at the heart of concerns
that day, on the occasion of the Day of African traditional medicine, under the
theme of "Conservation of Medicinal Plants: the heritage of Africa." The
challenge is, in fact, size in that more than two thirds of the plant species
in the world have therapeutic. Traditional
medicine, but modern medicine, knowing that up to 50% of modern medicines are
derived from plants, are then more than ever concerned with the issues of
conservation of medicinal plants. The
establishment or strengthening of conservation strategies is then at the center
of attention, to ensure a sustainable operation, safe for species survival. The
cultivation of medicinal plants then represents a means to implement in order
to achieve such purposes.
In
Madagascar, in particular, specialized laboratories in the development and
processing of medicinal plants are the pioneers in culture activities and
conservation of medicinal plants.
It
is noted that "Despite the progress on many level, countries continue to
face challenges such as the depletion of some common medicinal plants due to
environmental degradation, deforestation ... poor agricultural practices and logging. A
number of these problems arose because most of medicinal plants used for
commercial purposes is always obtained by the wild harvest. In
addition, several countries in the region did not have the necessary
legislation for the protection of endangered medicinal plants. "The
implementation of comprehensive national policies for the conservation of
medicinal plants was then promoted, in particular by recommending the
development of botanical gardens and the development of databases of existing
medicinal plants and the protection of endangered species. For
that heritage remains intact and that people can continue to enjoy it, without
putting in danger.
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